• Schedule wisely

  Establish a daily routine. Some tasks, such as bathing or medical appointments, are easier when the person is most alert and refreshed. Allow some flexibility for spontaneous activities or particularly difficult days.

• Take your time

  Anticipate that tasks may take longer than they used to and schedule more time for them. Allow time for breaks during tasks.

• Involve the person

  Allow the person with dementia to do as much as possible with the least amount of assistance. For example, he or she might be able to set the table with the help of visual cues or dress independently if you lay out clothes in the order they go on.

• Provide choices

  Provide some, but not too many, choices every day. For example, provide two outfits to choose from, ask if he or she prefers a hot or cold beverage, or ask if he or she would rather go for a walk or see a movie.

• Provide simple instructions

  People with dementia best understand clear, one-step communication.

• Limit napping

  Avoid multiple or prolonged naps during the day. This can minimize the risk of getting days and nights reversed.

• Reduce distractions

  Turn off the TV and minimize other distractions at mealtime and during conversations to make it easier for the person with dementia to focus.

Be flexible

Over time, a person with dementia will become more dependent. To reduce frustration, stay flexible and adapt your routine and expectations as needed. For example, if he or she wants to wear the same outfit every day, consider buying a few identical outfits. If bathing is met with resistance, consider doing it less often.

Create a safe environment

Dementia impairs judgment and problem-solving skills, increasing a person’s risk of injury. To promote safety:

• Prevent falls
  Avoid scatter rugs, extension cords, and any clutter that could cause falls. Install handrails or grab bars in critical areas.
• Use locks
  Install locks on cabinets that contain anything potentially dangerous, such as medicine, alcohol, guns, toxic cleaning substances, dangerous utensils, and tools.
• Check water temperature
  Lower the thermostat on the hot-water heater to prevent burns.
• Take fire safety precautions
  Keep matches and lighters out of reach. If the person with dementia smokes, always supervise smoking. Make sure a fire extinguisher is accessible and the smoke and carbon monoxide detectors have fresh batteries